Utilizing the summary of Diabetes self care activities scale to predict Metabolic outcomes Body Mass Index and Therapeutic dependencies
Keywords:
Diabetes Mellitus, Self-Care Practices, Glycemic Control, HbA1c, Diabetes Self-ManagementAbstract
Background: Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disease which needs to be self-managed continuously to maintain optimal glycemic control and to avoid complications. The study aimed to evaluate self-care activities of people with diabetes and their association with glycemic control. Methods: This cross-sectional study (n=100) collected data using the structured questionnaires and Summary of Diabetes Self-Care Activities (SDSCA) scale. Medical records were used to collect clinical data, such as fasting blood glucose, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), body mass index (BMI), diabetes duration and treatment modalities. The statistical analysis was carried out in SPSS version 26.0 with p-value< 0.05. Results: The mean self-care score was 53.8 ± 11.4, while the mean HbA1c level was 8.1 ± 1.5%. The mean HbA1c level was statistically significant in different categories of self-care (F = 21.84, p < 0.001) with a decreasing trend from poor to good self-care. Self-care scores showed significant negative correlations with HbA1c (r = −0.68, p < 0.001), fasting blood glucose (r = −0.59, p < 0.001), BMI (r = −0.31, p = 0.002), and duration of diabetes (r = −0.25, p = 0.012). Multiple linear regression analysis identified self-care score (β = −0.49, p < 0.001), BMI (β = 0.22, p = 0.015), diabetes duration (β = 0.18, p = 0.031), and insulin therapy (β = −0.16, p = 0.048) as significant predictors of HbA1c. Conclusions: Diabetic patients' self-care is heavily correlated with glycemic outcomes. Low HbA1c levels and good blood sugar control were associated with better self-care behaviors.
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